Days, Months & Time

Days and months are not capitalized as a special rule - they're just regular nouns, and all German nouns are capitalized. Nothing new to learn there beyond Lesson 4.

Days of the week (die Wochentage)

Sonnabend is a regional variant of Samstag (used more in northern/eastern Germany) - either is understood everywhere.

Months (die Monate)

All twelve are close cognates of English - the easiest vocabulary set in the whole course.

Telling time - the official (24-hour) way

Germany officially uses the 24-hour clock for anything formal (appointments, transit, TV schedules), read digit by digit:

Telling time - the everyday (spoken) way

In casual speech, Germans often use a 12-hour system with these building blocks:

The trap for English speakers: halb zehn means 9:30 (half toward ten), not "half past nine" read literally, and definitely not 10:30. German counts forward to the next hour, English counts back from the last one.

Asking the time

Wie spät ist es? / Wie viel Uhr ist es? (What time is it?)
Um wie viel Uhr ...? (At what time ...?)

Cross-checked against the official Goethe-Zertifikat A1 Wortliste.