Reference · German A1-2

Adjective Endings

An adjective before a noun (der schöne Tag) needs an ending that agrees with the noun's gender, case, and which article type comes before it. This is genuinely A2-level complexity - go slowly, and lean on the "predicate adjective" escape hatch below whenever precision isn't required.

The escape hatch: predicate adjectives need no ending

When an adjective comes after a form of sein rather than directly before a noun, it never changes - this is the easiest, safest way to use adjectives at A1/A2:

Der Tag ist schön. (no ending - adjective after sein)
Die Wohnung ist groß.

If unsure of an ending, restructure the sentence to put the adjective after sein instead of in front of the noun - it's always correct there.

Adjective before a noun, with der/die/das (weak endings)

GenderNominativeAccusative
masculineder schöne Tagden schönen Tag
femininedie schöne Wohnungdie schöne Wohnung
neuterdas schöne Hausdas schöne Haus

After a definite article, the ending is almost always -e, except masculine accusative, which gets -en - mirroring the der→den change from Lesson 7.

Adjective before a noun, with ein/eine (mixed endings)

GenderNominativeAccusative
masculineein schöner Tageinen schönen Tag
feminineeine schöne Wohnungeine schöne Wohnung
neuterein schönes Hausein schönes Haus

Here the adjective ending has to do extra work to signal gender, since ein itself doesn't distinguish masculine/neuter in the nominative - notice the ending carries the -er/-es that the article doesn't show.

A few common A1-2 adjectives

großbigkleinsmall
schönbeautifulneunew
teuerexpensivebilligcheap

Cross-checked against the Goethe-Institut A1 practice materials.