Lesson 18 · German A1-2

The Dative Case

Der Dativ

You've been using the dative since Lesson 1 - "Wie geht es dir?" and "mit dem Bus" (Lesson 17) are both dative constructions. Today gives that pattern a name and a system, so you can build new dative phrases instead of just recognizing memorized ones.

Today's win: correctly decline der/die/das into the dative, and use the fixed set of prepositions that always trigger it.

Dative articles: every gender changes

GenderNominativeDative
masculinederdem
femininedieder
neuterdasdem

Unlike accusative from Lesson 7 (only masculine changed), the dative changes every gender - but it's regular: masculine and neuter always collapse to the same word, dem. Full table including pronouns and prepositions: Reference - Dative Case.

The fixed preposition group: mit, nach, bei, von, zu, aus, seit

These seven prepositions always take dative, regardless of meaning - memorize them as a set:

Ich fahre mit dem Bus. (masculine der Bus → dem)
Ich komme aus der Schweiz. (feminine die Schweiz → der)
Ich wohne seit einem Jahr hier. (neuter ein Jahr → einem)

Dative pronouns, now named

mirto/for me
dirto/for you (informal)
Ihnento/for you (formal)
Können Sie mir helfen? (Lesson 11 - helfen takes a dative object)
Try it out loud: say how you travel to work or school using "mit dem/der ...," and say how long you've lived somewhere using "seit einem/einer ...".

Quick recall check

1. What's the dative form of "der" (masculine)?

Show answer
dem

2. What's the dative form of "die" (feminine)?

Show answer
der

3. "I'm taking the bus." (der Bus) - Ich fahre mit ______ Bus.

Show answer
dem

4. Which case does "mit" always trigger?

Show answer
dative

5. "Can you help me?" - Können Sie ______ helfen?

Show answer
mir

Primary source

Cross-checked against the Goethe-Institut A1 practice materials.

Want to check whether a specific verb takes dative or accusative? Ask your teaching agent.